The Start-up Meeting of our 973 Project “Plasticity in Brain Structure and Function” was held in the South-North Lake Area near Shanghai on February 14th , 2007. Prof. PEI Gang (President of Shanghai Instititutes of Biological Sciences) made opening remarks, while Prof. GUO Aike (Chief Scientist of the program) gave the general introduction and chaired the meeting. After research plan presentations from each of the six sections, the expert panel of the program, including Professors LIN Qishui (Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, SIBS), JI Weizhi (Kunming Institute of Zoology), HE Rongqiao (Institute of Biophysics) and POO Muming (ION) gave valuable comments and suggestions.